Skip to content
Dunnage Bag Articles

What Is Kraft Liner? Its Role in Carton and Box Strength

June 13, 2026 — Lê Văn Thăng

What kraft liner is: the load-bearing facing of corrugated board, virgin vs recycled grades, grammage, and its role in ECT/BCT box strength and dunnage bags.

What Is Kraft Liner? Its Role in Carton and Box Strength

Reviewed and updated by ICD - Week 24/2026

Quick summary:

  • Kraft liner is the kraft paper used as the outer and/or inner facing of corrugated cardboard. It is the main load-bearing layer, resisting impact, abrasion and moisture.
  • Technical traits: high grammage (usually 150 g/m2 and up) and superior box compression strength (BCT).
  • Two main types: virgin kraft liner (highest quality) and recycled kraft liner.
  • Key role: it decides a carton’s stacking strength and print quality - vital in logistics, heavy-goods transport and long-term storage - and is used as the outer shell of kraft dunnage bags.

What is kraft liner? Its core role in carton structure

Kraft liner is the flat, smooth kraft sheet used as the outer face, inner face and sometimes the middle layer of corrugated board. It is the base material that defines the packaging’s load-bearing properties. For the fundamentals of the paper itself, see what kraft paper is.

Position and main technical function

Corrugated board combines three paper layers, and the kraft liner takes the main load-bearing role:

  • Liner layer (kraft liner): the outermost and innermost layers. It resists compression when cartons are stacked (directly affecting BCT), provides a hard surface that protects the softer fluting inside from physical impact, and offers the flat, stable surface needed for printing logos and product information.
  • Fluting layer: the middle paper, corrugated to create air gaps that cushion shock and bear axial load.

Technical specifications

Kraft liner usually runs from 150 g/m2 to over 450 g/m2 - higher grammage means greater stiffness, durability and static load capacity. It must have a high edge crush strength (ECT) to maximize the carton’s stacking ability. Premium kraft liner is often given a hydrophobic treatment or PE coating for better waterproofing and moisture resistance, protecting cartons in damp warehouses or on sea voyages. See the kraft paper grammage guide for how GSM maps to strength.

Types of kraft liner: pros and cons

Virgin kraft liner

Made from 100% virgin pulp (long cellulose fibers) via the Kraft process. It has the highest mechanical strength - long fibers give maximum tensile and compression strength - plus high uniformity, few impurities and accurate grammage for good print quality. Used for cartons needing very high compression strength, heavy international shipping and food-contact packaging.

Recycled kraft liner

Made from recovered pulp (used paper, old cartons). It is cheaper and more eco-friendly, but its strength is lower because fibers break during recycling, and it is more moisture-sensitive and may contain impurities. Used for cartons that do not need very high stacking strength, domestic packaging, and the inner face of cartons.

Kraft liner’s role in packaging quality control

Box compression (BCT) and edge crush (ECT)

The edge crush test (ECT) measures resistance to compression along the carton material’s edge. Kraft liner accounts for about 70% of total ECT - the higher its grammage and quality, the higher the ECT. The box compression test (BCT) measures vertical compression resistance when cartons are stacked, and is calculated largely from ECT. In short, better kraft liner means a stronger, more stackable box.

Why it matters for dunnage bags

High-grammage kraft liner is exactly the material used to build the multi-ply outer shell of kraft dunnage bags. The same strength that lets a carton stack high lets a dunnage-bag shell resist the dynamic compression of a shifting container load.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the difference between kraft liner and fluting?

Kraft liner is the flat facing layer that bears load and takes print; fluting is the wavy middle layer that cushions shock. The liner provides most of the carton’s strength.

Virgin or recycled kraft liner - which should I choose?

Choose virgin for heavy international shipping, high stacking and food contact. Recycled is fine for domestic packaging and inner facings where cost matters more than maximum strength.

What grammage is typical for kraft liner?

From 150 g/m2 to over 450 g/m2. Higher grammage gives greater stiffness and a higher ECT and BCT.

Does kraft liner resist moisture?

Standard liner absorbs moisture, but premium grades are hydrophobic-treated or PE-coated for waterproofing in damp storage or sea freight.

Contact ICD Viet Nam

For kraft dunnage bags and packaging advice, contact our team for specifications and a quote.

Related articles
Dunnage bag & kraft articles:

Bài viết liên quan

Types of Kraft Paper: Classification by Color, Composition and Application

Types of kraft paper by color, composition and application: virgin, recycled, PE-laminated, liner and fluting, plus ICD Viet Nam selection tips.

Dunnage Bag Quality Standards: AAR, SGS, MSDS, ISO 9001

The 4 key dunnage bag standards: AAR load levels with working pressures, SGS/TUV material testing, MSDS chemical safety and ISO 9001 quality management.

What Is Woven PP Fabric? Why It Is Used in Packaging

What woven PP fabric is: tape extrusion, cross weaving and coating, why it resists tearing, and its use in jumbo bags and high-AAR dunnage bag shells.

Dunnage Bag Valve: Fast vs Old-Style and How to Choose

The dunnage bag valve: old-style vs fast valve, the two-way auto-lock, valve materials and choosing a compatible inflation gun with a gauge.

How to Choose a Dunnage Bag in 4 Steps

Choose a dunnage bag in 4 steps: set the AAR level, pick kraft or woven PP, size the width and height, and check valve compatibility.

What Is the SGS Standard? Its Meaning in Logistics

What the SGS standard is and why it matters in logistics: trade-passport role, dunnage-bag testing (tensile, drop, vibration, burst) and ROHS compliance.

ICD Việt Nam cam kết trao giá trị vượt trội đến Quý khách hàng.

Các đối tác - Khách hàng - Nhà cung cấp

Zalo ICD Việt Nam
VI | EN