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Reviewed and updated by ICD - Week 24/2026
Block and stringer pallets are the two basic wooden-pallet structures under the NWPCA standard, differing in their support members - and therefore in fork entry, durability and cost. Knowing the difference helps you pick the right pallet for racking, export or internal-loop use.
Block pallet
A block pallet uses nine wooden blocks (usually a 3×3 grid) connecting the top and bottom decks, with stringer boards between them to distribute load. Thanks to the block structure, forklifts and pallet jacks enter from all four sides, it carries load well and suits automation and conveyors. This is the structure of EUR/EPAL pallets. Block pallets are heavier (about 34-37 kg), more durable and last many trips.
Stringer pallet
A stringer pallet uses three lengthwise beams (stringers) to support the deck; forks usually enter only from the two ends, or partial 4-way if the stringers are notched. The simpler structure makes it lighter (about 15-22 kg), cheaper and easier to produce. The North American GMA pallet is a stringer type.
Block vs stringer comparison
| Criterion | Block pallet | Stringer pallet |
|---|---|---|
| Support member | Nine wooden blocks | Three lengthwise beams |
| Fork entry | 4-way | 2-way (4 if notched) |
| Weight | 34-37 kg | 15-22 kg |
| Durability / trips | High, many trips | Lower, fewer trips |
| Cost | Higher | Lower |
| Typical standard | EUR/EPAL (Europe) | GMA (North America) |
| Best for | Automation, racking, export | Domestic, low budget |
2-way, 4-way and notching
Fork entry decides handling flexibility. A block pallet is 4-way - forks enter from any side, ideal for tight aisles and robots. A basic stringer pallet is 2-way (both ends); for 4-way it must be notched to create fork openings - but notches weaken the stringers, lowering capacity versus a block. If your warehouse turns pallets in many directions, a block pallet is safer and more durable.
When to choose which?
Choose a block pallet for flexible 4-way entry, conveyor/automated warehousing, multi-tier racking, or export needing durability and an international standard (EUR/EPAL). Choose a stringer pallet when cost matters most, goods move domestically on fixed routes and few trips are needed. ICD advises on wooden-pallet structure by load, handling and destination; where high durability and uniformity matter, plastic pallets are also worth considering.
More on wooden pallets
Topic pillar
› What is a pallet? Complete guide
In-depth analysis articles
| › GMA pallet standard dimensions | › IPPC stamp on wood packaging |
| › What is VGM? |
Frequently asked questions
How do block and stringer pallets differ?
Block uses nine wooden blocks with 4-way entry and more durability; stringer uses three lengthwise beams, usually 2-way, lighter and cheaper.
Is an EUR/EPAL pallet block or stringer?
It is a block pallet - nine wooden blocks, 4-way entry, an international standard for export and automated lines.
What type is a GMA pallet?
The GMA (North America) is a stringer pallet with three lengthwise beams, common for domestic loops in the US.
Can a stringer pallet be 4-way?
It can be partial 4-way if notched, but notching weakens the stringers, so it stays less rigid and lower-capacity than a block.
Which pallet is better for export?
A block pallet, for durability, 4-way entry and racking/conveyor fit; stringer suits low-cost domestic loops.
How much do the two weigh?
Block is about 34-37 kg, stringer about 15-22 kg; stringer is lighter, cheaper and easier to handle by hand, but less durable.
Contact ICD Vietnam
ICD Vietnam Industrial Manufacturing Co., Ltd - pallets, plastic crates, stretch film, forklifts and packaging solutions.
Hotline: 0983 797 186 / 090 345 9186
Email: sales@icdvietnam.com.vn | Zalo: Chat on Zalo
