Table of Contents
- What is the IPPC stamp?
- HT versus MB: the two approved treatment methods
- Why the IPPC stamp matters for wood pallet exports
- Challenges in applying the IPPC stamp correctly
- How to verify that a supplier is genuinely IPPC-compliant
- Related articles
- Frequently asked questions about the IPPC stamp
- Contact ICD Vietnam
- Contact ICD Vietnam
Reviewed and updated by ICD - Week 30/2026
The IPPC stamp is the essential “passport” that allows wood packaging to move freely across international borders. Without it, a shipment can be refused, fumigated at the importer’s cost, or destroyed at the port of entry. This guide explains what the IPPC stamp is, how to read every element on it, and why it is non-negotiable for any business that exports goods on wooden pallets or in wooden crates.
What is the IPPC stamp?
The IPPC stamp is an internationally recognised mark on wood packaging materials - pallets, crates, and dunnage - certifying that the wood has been treated against plant pests in accordance with the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). Its purpose is to prevent the global spread of insects, larvae, fungi, and other organisms that can travel inside raw wood.
The stamp is governed by ISPM 15 (International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures No. 15), which specifies the approved treatment methods and the information that must appear on the mark.
A compliant IPPC stamp contains four elements:
| Element | What it shows | Example |
|---|---|---|
| IPPC symbol | The international wheat-ear logo - confirms the mark is ISPM 15 compliant | (wheat-ear graphic) |
| Country code | Two-letter ISO country code of the producing/treating country | VN, US, DE |
| Producer / treatment facility code | Unique number assigned by the national plant protection authority | 001, 0452 |
| Treatment method code | Abbreviation of the approved treatment applied | HT, MB |
Reading these together: a stamp showing VN-001 HT means the wood packaging was produced and heat-treated in Vietnam by facility number 001.
HT versus MB: the two approved treatment methods
| Code | Method | How it works | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| HT | Heat Treatment | Wood core heated to 56 degrees C and held for a minimum of 30 continuous minutes - no chemicals used | Accepted in all ISPM 15 countries; the dominant method globally |
| MB | Methyl Bromide fumigation | Wood fumigated with methyl bromide gas; fast and effective but leaves chemical residue | Being phased out or already banned in many countries due to ozone depletion and health risks; check destination country requirements |
If your shipment is destined for the EU, Australia, or any market that restricts MB, verify that your supplier uses HT. An MB stamp that is not accepted at the destination is treated as non-compliant.
Why the IPPC stamp matters for wood pallet exports
The stamp is more than paperwork. For any business shipping goods on wood pallets internationally, it has direct operational and financial consequences.
| Why it matters | Practical consequence |
|---|---|
| Smooth customs clearance | A valid IPPC stamp lets the shipment pass phytosanitary inspection without delay or extra cost |
| Accepted in 100+ countries | ISPM 15 is enforced by more than 100 countries; a missing or invalid stamp means refusal or re-treatment at the importer’s expense |
| Biosecurity protection | Prevents invasive species from entering the importing country’s ecosystem, protecting agriculture and biodiversity |
| Legal and financial risk reduction | Avoids fines, forced re-treatment, cargo holds, and shipment destruction for non-compliance |
| Business reputation | Demonstrates professional compliance and builds trust with buyers and freight forwarders |
Challenges in applying the IPPC stamp correctly
Compliance is straightforward in principle but involves real operational challenges:
- Investment and operating cost: Building or outsourcing an approved heat-treatment facility requires capital and ongoing quality costs.
- Strict technical requirements: The treatment process must reach and hold the correct core temperature throughout the entire wood piece - not just the surface.
- Record-keeping and quality control: Approved facilities must maintain detailed treatment logs and internal quality systems as a condition of their certification.
- Regulatory updates: ISPM 15 requirements and country-specific rules change periodically; exporters must stay current.
- Stamp counterfeiting risk: Fraudulent IPPC marks exist in the market; customs authorities in some countries now cross-reference facility codes against national registries.
How to verify that a supplier is genuinely IPPC-compliant
When sourcing wood pallets for export, check these five points:
- Inspect the physical stamp: The mark must be clearly legible, include all four elements (IPPC symbol, country code, facility code, treatment code), and be applied directly to the wood - not on a label that can be removed.
- Request the phytosanitary treatment certificate: A legitimate facility can provide a treatment certificate issued by the national plant protection authority.
- Verify the facility code: Cross-check the code shown on the stamp against the official registry published by the national plant protection organisation (in Vietnam, this is the Plant Protection Department under MARD).
- Assess supplier experience: Choose suppliers with a documented track record of supplying export-grade pallets and with no history of customs rejections.
- Review production and QC systems: A compliant facility will have temperature-logging equipment for HT, calibrated probes, and batch-level traceability records available on request.
Related articles
| Wood pallets for export: regulations and policy | ISPM 15 standard explained | Heat treatment (HT): the standard fumigation method |
Frequently asked questions about the IPPC stamp
1. Is the IPPC stamp required for all wood pallets?
It is required for all raw wood packaging used in international shipments under ISPM 15 - including pallets, crates, and wooden dunnage. Processed wood products such as plywood and particleboard are generally exempt because their manufacturing process eliminates pests.
2. What happens if a pallet does not have an IPPC stamp?
At the port of entry, customs or phytosanitary authorities can refuse the shipment, require the importer to re-treat the wood at their own cost and delay, or order the wood packaging to be destroyed. The cargo inside may be held until the matter is resolved, causing supply chain disruption and financial loss.
3. Can I use a pallet with an MB stamp to ship to the EU?
No. The European Union has banned methyl bromide treatment (MB) for wood packaging since 2010. Pallets marked MB are not accepted as compliant for imports into the EU. You must use pallets stamped HT.
4. How do I read the facility code on the IPPC stamp?
The facility code is the numeric portion after the country code - for example, in VN-001 HT, the code 001 identifies the specific treatment facility in Vietnam. You can verify it against the registry maintained by the national plant protection authority of the producing country.
5. Is the IPPC stamp the same as the phytosanitary certificate?
No. The IPPC stamp is applied directly to the wood and stays with the packaging permanently. The phytosanitary certificate is a separate paper document issued by the plant protection authority for the shipment. Both may be required: the stamp proves the wood itself was treated; the certificate documents the treatment for customs purposes.
6. Does a plastic pallet need an IPPC stamp?
No. The ISPM 15 standard and the IPPC stamp apply only to raw or heat-treated solid wood. Plastic pallets, metal pallets, and processed wood products are not subject to ISPM 15 phytosanitary requirements, which is one reason many exporters switch from wood to plastic pallets for repeat export use.
Contact ICD Vietnam
Contact ICD Vietnam
Hotline: 0983 797 186 / 090 345 9186 / 090 5859 186
Email: sales@icdvietnam.com.vn | Zalo: Chat Zalo
